PA

Pennsylvania

FIPS 42 · Pop. 13,018,639
7 Sources Jun 05, 2026
13,018,639
Population
334,922,499 U.S.
$77,971
Median Income
$80,734 national
$1,007.9B
GDP
3.8%
Unemployment
5.2% national

County Map

Click a county to view its economic profile

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$77,971
Per Capita
$44,355
Mean Household
$107,538
Poverty Rate
11.7%

Age & Race / Ethnicity

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003 · Median Age: 41
65+: 19.5% (2,535,503 residents) 55-64: 13.6% (1,776,334 residents) 35-54: 24.5% (3,188,724 residents) 18-34: 21.9% (2,856,738 residents) Under 18: 20.4% (2,661,340 residents) 41 Median Age
Cohorts
Under 18 · 20.4%
18-34 · 21.9%
35-54 · 24.5%
55-64 · 13.6%
65+ · 19.5%
Race & Ethnicity
White74.5%
Black or African American10.6%
Asian3.8%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)8.7%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
92.1%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +2.5 pts
35.2%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▼ 0.5 pts
14.3%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▲ +0.2 pts

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
13,018,639
Population
6,692,918
Labor Force
Employed
6,332,886
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2024 annual
3.8%
Mean Commute
26.3 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
15.6%
Pennsylvania's median household income sits 3% below the national median. At 11.7%, its poverty rate runs 0.8 pts below the ~12.5% national level, relevant for federal funding eligibility narratives. Bachelor's-or-higher attainment of 35.2% trails the national average of 35.7%.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates (released December 2025). Figures reflect the most recent Census release, older news reports may cite prior vintages.
Key Takeaways
Auto-generated from benchmark deltas. Bullets only appear when the comparison is meaningful.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$1,007.9B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · SAGDP1 Regional GDP
$70,678
Per Capita Income

Top Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual
IndustryEmployment% of Top SectorsAvg Wage
1Health Care and Social Assistance
1,146,404 25.5%
$66,122
2Retail Trade
582,238 12.9%
$38,625
3Manufacturing
556,987 12.4%
$80,755
4Accommodation and Food Services
468,523 10.4%
$26,240
5Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
390,047 8.7%
$129,674
6Transportation and Warehousing
303,343 6.7%
$61,157
7Administrative and Support and Waste Management
296,268 6.6%
$52,847
8Finance and Insurance
273,450 6.1%
$131,664
9Construction
263,767 5.9%
$86,255
10Wholesale Trade
216,492 4.8%
$106,356
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Key Takeaways
Generated from BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.

Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Concentrated Industries
Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · Location Quotient vs. national employment share
Same source as the Top Industries table above, sub-sector view surfaces specialization the supersector view masks.
Primary Metal Manufacturing
2.37x
33,413
Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers
2.19x
37,846
Warehousing and Storage
1.67x
123,521
Paper Manufacturing
1.56x
21,361
Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation
1.54x
33,797
Electrical Equipment, Appliance Manufacturing
1.53x
25,800
Educational Services
1.51x
190,204

Attraction Opportunities - Below-Average Industries

LQ < 0.5, below-average employment, potential attraction targets. Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector
0.10x
Postal Service
29 employed
0.15x
Fishing, Hunting and Trapping
43 employed
0.19x
Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles
249 employed
0.26x
Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry
3,774 employed
0.32x
Water Transportation
853 employed
0.45x
Forestry and Logging
796 employed
0.47x
Private Households
3,764 employed
Key Takeaways
Generated from BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
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Industry Employment Composition
Pennsylvania's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of the top private supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$254,500
Median Home Value
$1,209
Rent/Mo
69.3%
Owner-Occ
9.2%
Vacancy
3.3x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average
Key Takeaways
Generated from Census ACS housing tables.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
7,821,796
Working Age (18-64)
Labor force participation rate: 85.6% of working-age population (18-64) 86% Participation
Mean Commute
26.3 min
Work From Home
15.6%

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
35.2%
HS Diploma+
92.1%
Top Institutions
Degrees, certificates, and other credentials awarded last academic year (College Scorecard).
Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus 13,826/yr
University of Pennsylvania 10,067/yr
University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus 9,973/yr
Temple University 9,400/yr
Drexel University 7,192/yr
Carnegie Mellon University 5,175/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
22.7%
55+ of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
43.2%
Service
16.1%
Sales & Office
19.1%
Construction / Maint.
7.6%
Production / Transport
14.0%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 6,332,886 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
Generated from ACS workforce data.

County Profiles

67 counties in Pennsylvania

Adams County FIPS 42001 Allegheny County FIPS 42003 Armstrong County FIPS 42005 Beaver County FIPS 42007 Bedford County FIPS 42009 Berks County FIPS 42011 Blair County FIPS 42013 Bradford County FIPS 42015 Bucks County FIPS 42017 Butler County FIPS 42019 Cambria County FIPS 42021 Cameron County FIPS 42023 Carbon County FIPS 42025 Centre County FIPS 42027 Chester County FIPS 42029 Clarion County FIPS 42031 Clearfield County FIPS 42033 Clinton County FIPS 42035 Columbia County FIPS 42037 Crawford County FIPS 42039 Cumberland County FIPS 42041 Dauphin County FIPS 42043 Delaware County FIPS 42045 Elk County FIPS 42047 Erie County FIPS 42049 Fayette County FIPS 42051 Forest County FIPS 42053 Franklin County FIPS 42055 Fulton County FIPS 42057 Greene County FIPS 42059 Huntingdon County FIPS 42061 Indiana County FIPS 42063 Jefferson County FIPS 42065 Juniata County FIPS 42067 Lackawanna County FIPS 42069 Lancaster County FIPS 42071 Lawrence County FIPS 42073 Lebanon County FIPS 42075 Lehigh County FIPS 42077 Luzerne County FIPS 42079 Lycoming County FIPS 42081 McKean County FIPS 42083 Mercer County FIPS 42085 Mifflin County FIPS 42087 Monroe County FIPS 42089 Montgomery County FIPS 42091 Montour County FIPS 42093 Northampton County FIPS 42095 Northumberland County FIPS 42097 Perry County FIPS 42099 Philadelphia County FIPS 42101 Pike County FIPS 42103 Potter County FIPS 42105 Schuylkill County FIPS 42107 Snyder County FIPS 42109 Somerset County FIPS 42111 Sullivan County FIPS 42113 Susquehanna County FIPS 42115 Tioga County FIPS 42117 Union County FIPS 42119 Venango County FIPS 42121 Warren County FIPS 42123 Washington County FIPS 42125 Wayne County FIPS 42127 Westmoreland County FIPS 42129 Wyoming County FIPS 42131 York County FIPS 42133

AI-Powered Insights

Machine learning analysis across 20+ federal data sources

Sample AI Insight - a preview of the kind of synthesis EP produces for paying customers

Pennsylvania shows emerging potential for primary metal manufacturing attraction, with a 2.37x concentration and 33,413 jobs in this sub-sector. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 22.7% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

Cluster depth across primary metal manufacturing, wholesale trade agents and brokers, and warehousing and storage creates supply-chain attraction leverage, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100

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Economic
Demographic
Housing
Workforce
Median Income
$77,971
vs $80,734 national
GDP
$1,007.9B
Unemployment
3.8%
vs 5.2% national
Top Employers by Sector
Health Care and Social Assistance
1,146,404
Retail Trade
582,238
Manufacturing
556,987
Accommodation and Food Services
468,523
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
390,047
Census ACS, BLS QCEW, BEA, HUD · Auto-updatedPowered by ExecutivePulse
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Data Sources

All data from official federal APIs. Auto-refreshed on publication schedules.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2024
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2025
USAspending.govFY2026